There have been a lot of research on the morphology and the functions of the pectines, which is a unique organ found only in scorpions (Solifigae has a similar organ called malleoli or racquet (or racket) organs). Most of the research so far have focused on the "taste function" (the detection of chemical cues), but it also seems that the pectines have a "feeling function" (having mechanosensory abilities). Overall, the pectines help scorpions find food, navigate, avoid predators and find mates.
Hannah Peeples and Douglas Gaffin recently published a study investigating the role of the peg sensilla on scorpion pectines for mechanosensory responses. This is a very technical paper, but as far as I can tell the main conclusion is that pectines use mechanosensory stimuli to navigate in its activity area, to find home to its shelter and to retrieve dropped insect prey.
Abstract:
Scorpions possess midventral touch/taste organs called pectines, which may be important for learning the nuances of the substrate during navigation as well as the detection of pheromones, spermatophores, and food. The pectines possess thousands of minute structures called peg sensilla that are responsive to both chemicals and mechanical deflection of the peg shaft. While much is known about the chemical responsiveness of the pegs, very little is known about their mechanosensory properties. Here we ask if the peg mechanosensory response is “all-or-nothing” or graded depending on the intensity of stimulation. We made electrophysiological recordings of neural activity from individual peg sensilla while deflecting the peg to elicit apparent mechanosensory responses. Our records show the presence of a rapid firing (.100 Hz), quickly adapting waveform that is indicative of a mechanoreceptor and appears to be independent of previously identified chemo-responsive cells. We tested mechanosensory response dynamics in two ways. The first test focused on a shorter-duration touch versus a longer-duration touch, while the second focused on a smaller deflection versus a larger deflection. Both pairs of stimulations (short vs long touch; small vs large touch) produced repeatable and statistically distinct responses in terms of spiking frequency. These results indicate the mechanosensory responses of peg sensilla are graded, which sheds light on the textural resolvability of the pectines and informs models of the type of information that scorpions obtain while assessing surfaces in their environment.
Reference:
Peeples HM, Gaffin DD. An assessment of the mechanosensory responses of peg sensilla on scorpion pectines. The Journal of Arachnology. 2024;52(1):1-8.
Thanks to Matt Simon for informing me about this article and for providing insight about the article!
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